When you have diabetes, keeping your blood sugar in a healthy range is not only essential in keeping your diabetes under control, but it can help you feel your best. The easiest way to stabilize your blood sugar level is to watch your carbohydrate intake. This is because any carbohydrate food you eat (e.g., milk, fruit, bread, and pasta) is immediately digested into glucose (sugar), which causes your blood sugar level to increase. In this article, I will discuss one of the more “advanced” methods of diabetes meal planning: the “carb counting” method. A simpler method is the Diabetes Plate Method, so be sure to check out that article as well if you haven’t yet, along with the rest of the posts in the Diabetes Series!

Diabetes Carb Counting Method

When it comes to meal planning for diabetes, there are several methods you can use. This article will focus on the carbohydrate counting method. 

Carbohydrate counting (“carb counting”) — while it may take a little time to get used to—is an extremely useful as well as flexible diabetes meal planning tool that can help you understand how your food choices affect your blood sugar level. This post will equip you with the essentials that you need to easily start counting your way to feeling your best…every day.

– Step 1 –
Know Your “Carbohydrate Serving”

The first step to diabetes carb counting is to understand the carbohydrate serving. A Carbohydrate Serving, also called a “Carbohydrate Choice,” is simply a portion of food that contains 15 grams of carbohydrate. While women should aim to eat 3-4 carbohydrate servings per meal, men need around 4-5 carbohydrate servings per meal.

Below is a chart showing how to use diabetes carb counting for foods that “fall in the middle”

– Step 2 –
Know Some Practical Examples of Carb Counting

Now that you know what a Carbohydrate Serving means, let’s consider some basic foods and how they measure up when using the diabetes carb counting method:

– Step 3 –
Check the Nutrition Label to Start Counting Carbs

1. Find the serving size. In this example label, a serving would be 8 crackers.
2. Ask yourself: How many servings do I plan to eat? Knowing your anticipated serving matters when doing diabetes carb counting. 
3. Locate the “Total Carbohydrate” on the label. Notice how sugars are already included in this number, so you do not need to count them separately. In our example, one serving (or 8 crackers) would have 22 grams of total carbohydrate.
4. Convert that number to the number of carbohydrate servings. In this case, 22 grams of carbohydrates would count as 1 ½ Carbohydrate Servings. Remember, that’s for only 8 crackers. If you plan to eat two servings, that would count as 3 Carbohydrate Servings.

Estimating Portion Sizes

Another practical technique for diabetes meal planning is in estimating portion sizes. These comparisons come in handy (pun intended) when you need a quick approximation of serving amounts. How many of these do you already know?

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For a printable, comprehensive Diabetes Food List, click below:

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Phoebe Chi, MD

As a physician educator and the managing editor of Health + Inspiration, Dr. Chi aims to inform, empower, and inspire the reader community. She is the author of Being Empowered for a Healthy Heart: A personal guide to taking control of your health while living with chronic conditions, a poetry-infused health guide, and founder of Pendants for a Cause, a nonprofit organization with the purpose of raising funds to fight illness, provide care, and bring awareness to medically vulnerable populations around the world.